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Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 14:27:44 -0000
To: agathiyar@yahoogroups.com
Subject: ziliimukha
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ziliimukha
----------
ziliimukha is known in the MBh. epic as a word for 'arrow'
and in kAvya, as both an 'arrow' and 'bee'. Perhaps,
having a sharp mouth (ie., a sting) makes the equation,
ziliimukha = bee.
M. B. Emeneau has a discussion on
ziliimukha, ziliipRSTha, s.v. zilaa (343)
in his reviews of M. Mayrhofer, KEWA Band I-III,
1956, 1963, 1976, (p. 203-4, Sanskrit studies of M. B.
Emeneau, 1988, edited by van Nooten).
Emeneau writes, "Incidentally, the use of the
compound ziliimukha- as a proper name for
the king of hares in a PaJcatantra tale is not
unsuitable ('having a pointed snout')."
Prof. R. Steiner (9-dec-99) wrote in Indology list
" Further: in the "Si.supaalavadha 9.41 (and elsewhere) the word
"siliimukha is used in the sense of ``bee" and ``arrow" in a
"sle.sa. Therefore, it is perhaps not by chance that in your stanza
bees and arrows are mentioned side by side."
M. Witzel, Substrate languages in OIA, EJVS, 1999, p. 30
"This is the opportune moment to briefly discuss another
northwestern peculiarity, the interchange of k/z in Vedic.
This has occasionally been observed, even one hundred years
ago in the case of KarkoTa/ZarkoTa, but it has not been put
into proper relief (Kuiper 1991: 41,42,44 as Proto-Munda,
cf. KEWA III 309, Witzel 1999). The interchange of k and z
is not related at all to the well-known Indo-Ir. dvelopment
of IE *k > Ved. z, as the present variation occurs only in
'foreign' words. [...] In consequence, Vedic loan words
with the interchange of z/k may go back to a phoneme K'
with realization close to [k'] or [z] in the Indus language."
Have tried an explanation using a well-known legend
about serpents yielding jewel stones occuring frequently
in sangam tamil texts to explain karkoTa/zarkoTa(ka).
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CTamil/message/165
Also, maNimat
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CTamil/message/167
In Tamil, the verb ki_littal has the meanings:
1. to tear, rend split, cut, pull to pieces, rip up lacerate;
2. to split, break vleave, uproot; 3. to scratch, as with
claws or thorns; 4. to mark, to line, to indent, to paint;
to draw, as a line; (OTL entry).
Foll. prof. Witzel, is the change from k- to z-
occuring in (dravidian) ki_limukam > ziliimukha (skt.)?
mukha is said by linguists to be from drav. mukam.
And, mukam is used in many words parallel to ki_limukam/ziliimukha:
eg., a) aRi-mukam "introduction" b) tuRai-mukam "harbour"
c) pU-mukam/pukumukam "entrance porch in a house, palace", etc.
For the *_l* to *l* change in ki_limuka/ziliimukha,
compare the related words like phala (skt. for fruit) & tamil pa_lam.
Regards,
N. Ganesan
Some other possible drav. k- to skt. z- word examples:
[a] zAkya clan, zaikya (steel) and tamil cEku, eHku 'steel'
--------------------------------------------------------------
-E-/-A- alterations like in cEr/cAl can be
seen in between tamil cEku and zAkya (skt.).
Pl. see
http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0010&L=indology&P=R9925
http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0009&L=indology&P=R6902
Cross-cousin weddings, usually encountered in Dravidian kinship,
is found in Buddha's family. Much like SubhadrA (Krishna's sister)'s
marriage to Arjuna. KuntI, Arjuna's mother is SubhadrA's father's
sister. Of course the Srivaishnava Alvar poetry, tamil Mahabharatams
say many times Krishna is Panadavas' bro-in-law (maittun2an2).
A. M. Hocart's article on cross-cousin weddings in Buddha clan
in Indian Antiquary, 1923-25:
http://pears2.lib.ohio-state.edu/FULLTEXT/JR-ENG/hocbud.htm
[b] ziva, zimIdin, zibi
---------------------------
1) ziva (23 Dec 1999) < *kiva < drav. kema(=good/auspicious/red)
http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9912&L=indology&P=R11011
2) zimIdin, ziva, zibi (30 Dec 1999)
http://listserv.liv.ac.uk/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9912&L=indology&P=R13503
[c] zItA/sItA 'furrow'
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CTamil/message/435
