From naga ganesan@... Thu Jan 24 14:40:38 2002
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Date: Thu, 24 Jan 2002 22:40:34 -0000
To: agathiyar@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: (Fwd) Is Tamil a National language of India?
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> --- In agathiyar@y..., "Veeraraghavan" wrote:
> >
> > Manipuri Marathi Nepali Oriya Punjabi Sanskrit & Sindhi were
> addedas to the list of Official Languages of State
> > -by section 2c of the 21st amendment of artcle 344 (1) & 351 of
> the Indian Constituion in 1967.
> >
> > P Veeraraghavan

Dear Sir,


Tamil is listed in the Indian Constituition Eigth Schedule:

http://www.uni-wuerzburg.de/law/in01000_.html
----------------------
Schedule VIII] Eighth Schedule (Articles 344 (1) and 351) Languages

1. Assamese.
2. Bengali.
3. Gujarati.
4. Hindi.
5. Kannada.
6. Kashmiri.
7. Malayalam.
8. Marathi.
9. Oriya.
10. Punjabi.
11. Sanskrit.
12. Sindhi.
13. Tamil.
14. Telugu.
15. Urdu.
----------------------------------

Also note the growth of Scheduled (Official) language list
in Indian Constitution:
The Constitution of India, adopted on November 26, 1949, updated to
1996 (Articles 29, 30, 120, 210, 343-351)

Up until the Constitution Act of 1967 (21st Amendment), there were
only
14 official languages in India. That Act included the Sindhi language
to
the Eighth Schedule (languages approved as official). The Constitution
Act 1992 (71st Amendment) brought Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali into
the Eighth Schedule. Thus, from 1992 onwards, there have been 18
constitutionally identified, defined and accepted languages in India

-----------------------------------------

A map on the major languages of India:
http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/indianlanguages.htm

A brief on all 18 laguages guarenteed as Official languages
of India:
http://www.mapsindia.com/overview/majorlanguagesofindia.htm


Read the entire book on Language planning in British India.
One author is Prof. M. S. Thirumalai, formerly from the
Central Inst. of Indian Languages, Mysore.
http://www.languageinindia.com/oct2001/punjab1.html

Linguistic Rights guarenteed by Indian Constitution
http://www.unesco.org/most/lnindia.htm

1991 Census of India:
Population statistics of the 18 scheduled languages
and non-scheduled ones:
http://www.languageinindia.com/nov2001/1991Languages.html

Prof. Robert Hardgrave's book on Nadars of Tamil Nadu (1969) is
well known. In the follwoing article he describes the linguistic
and other complexities of contemporary India. He briefly
touches upon the Tamil resistence to Hindi imposition.
http://inic.utexas.edu/asnic/countries/india/Hardgrave.html

Kind regards,
N. Ganesan